[30] Basic knowledge For Every Site Engineer :-

 In civil engineering you should be learn technical points & Terms , Which is used on site !
This terms are playing a important rule for a fresher Civil Engineer.

Basic knowledge

1. Lintel Thickness Should be -15 cm.
2. Minimum diameter of main bar & distribution bar in the Slab - 8 mm.
3. Maximum diameter of main bar & distribution bar is in the slab - 1/8 of slab thickness.
4. DPC ( damp proof coarse ) thickness should be - 2.5 cm. 
5. Minimum Plinth height should be  - 45 cm.
6. Maximum chair spacing should be - 1 meter. 
7. Minimum diameter reinforcement for Dowel should be - 12 mm. 
8. Diameter tolerance for cubes should be - ± 2 mm.
9. Maximum water observation for Bricks - 15 % - 20 %.
10. Building Height should be minimum(floor level - roof level) - 3.15 meter .
11. In stair case Riser height should be - 15 cm .
12. Compressive strength of bricks should be minimum - 3.5 n/㎟ .
13. Density of Bricks - 1600 - 1920 kg/㎥.
14. Minimum Thickness of Slab - 125 mm .

Clear Cover To Main Reinforcement -:

• Cover is Basically Two Types -

1. Clear cover .
2. Effective cover .

what is the meaning of Clear cover & Effective cover?

1. Minimum distance between Reinforcement to the outer surface of concrete , Is called Clear cover . 
2. Minimum distance between Mid-Reinforcement to the outer surface of concrete , Is called Effective cover.

Use of  cover :-

• To provide protection to reinforcement from corrosion.
• To provide fire resistance to Reinforcement.

Different types of Reinforcement & it's Clear cover 

1. Footings : 50 mm
2. Raft Foundation(top) : 50 mm
3. Raft Foundation (Bottom) : 75 mm
4. Raft Foundation (Side) : 75 mm
5. Beam : 25 mm
6. Strap Beam : 50 mm
7. Column : 40 mm
8. Slab : 20 mm
9. Flat slab : 20 mm
10. Stair case : 20 mm
11. Retaining wall : 20 - 25 mm
12. Water Retaining Structures : 20-30 mm